Steam generator



July 18, 1933.

J. G. COUTANT STEAM GENERATOR Original Filed Oct. 5

ELgZ.

INVENTOR 1 Original application filed.

Patented July 18, 1933 .UNITED- S ATE JAY GOULD COUTANT, or NEW YORK,my, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE AssIGNME-Nrs, .TO

EDWARD J. FRANKLIN, or SALT LAK CITY, UTAH STEAK oirNmroR This inventionrelates to steam generators and particularly to a certain combination ofwater tube boiler and furnace; The illustratedembodiment of theinvention indicates a furnace fired by pulverized coal.

The general object of the inventionis to improve the construction andoperation of boiler furnaces, and a particularfobject is to provide aconstruction of water tube boiler and furnace having improved provisionfor the collection and disposal of ashes or solid material which may becarried from the com-v In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1" is avertical section of a water tube boiler j with furnace, embodying theprinciples of the invention, and Fig. 2 is a detall section taken oneither of the lines 22of:Fig. 2.

These figures correspond withthe figures of the drawings of my Frenchpatent application filed October 7, 1924, Serial N o.' 193,631, whichhas subsequently resulted in the grant of French Patent uaeoasoa; andcorrespond with Figs. 1 and 2 of my copending'U. S. application filedOctober 5,1925, Serial No. the present application is a divislon. V

As in said copending application, the'com busti'on chamber 10 may beconsidered as comprising a lower or high'temperature zone 11 and anupper or temperature reducing zone 12. The right side of Fig. 1 will beconsidered the front of the furnace. The chamber 10 is bounded by anupper front wall 14: and a continuation 15 thereof constituting' thelower front wall. The combustion chamber is furtherbounded by rear side7 wall 16 and opposite end walls '17, all of which may be composed ofsuitable high re-' fractory material. The floor or bottomfl8.

may be constructeclof similarmaterial, and

60,435, of which U. S. application October 5, 1925, se m uogeones, in mmpctober 7,1924. Divided and this application filed lllayt, 1931. SerialNo.[535,922 .j i ,v

its-opposite sides are shown asinclined to an ashex-it 19. Thesefeatures are'illust'rative','i

the present invention is not directed to them but rather to the featureslater described,

and the type'i'of combustionfchamber and modeof combustion'may-bevaried. V

The boiler 1 1s or the water 'tube'type having 'a'bank'of tubes 22, 'afirst'baflie 23,

and a second bafile 24, directing the products of combustion through thefirst, second and third passes of the boiler. The tubes22 are fedthrough rear lower I headers 22 and, de-

liver steam by; upper front headers 22, the

lower rear headersbeing shownfwith the usual and drum 22 in which arecollected and from {which are removed by suitable draining connectionssolid matters orsed-i ment.

Spacedsomewhat below the boiler tubes 22" ls-shown a supplementaryseriesj'ofgwater tubes25const tut1ng a'slag screen, tending'to reducepreliminarily "the temperature and eliminate passage of fused ash andforma t'ion of slag on the boiler tubes. The'gas exit from the furnaceis shown as an escape flue 26. When pulverized coal is burned in the 1chamber 10 it fis' p'referably projected inwardly on a downward "slant,soas to distribute and scatter the fuel, whichsubstant'iallyinstantaneously takes part in the combustion. .A series of fuelinjecting burners '27 is indicated extending across'the' front wall 15of the furnace, fed by, pipe 28, for

example from a pulverizing machine 29. Supplemental air for combustionmaybe introduced through a series of rear nozzles'34 supplied by pipes35 which may conduct heated atmospheric air to the nozzles, re:

ceived through pipes 36 leading from a j acks V et space 37 arrangedbetween the outer shell 38 and, an inner Wall 39 ofthe furnace. Thefurther details of combustion may be ascertained by reference to saidc'opendingap plicatiomf; I i r 'Out of'the gasespa'ssingfromthe secondto the third pass of the'boiler-will be def posited or'settled fly ash,flue dustor other solid materials carried by the gases, and

these solid matters are disposed "of by the present invention in thefollowing manner.

The wall already referred to, is shown 7 as enclosing an ash hopper 40,the wall forming the rear wall of the'hopper. The ashes precipitatinginto, the hopper 40 from the boiler tube spaces are shown carried down--wardly through an opening in the ash pocket and thence by a chute 41 toa "convenient point'ofdelivery or disposal f f While the lower zone 11of the combustion space is preferably kept at top temperature,

the upper zone 12 is preferably cooled." This is. shown as effectedherein by means ofwater'cooled walls around the upper partofthecombustion chamber. Thus a series or row of vertical water tubes 50. isshown arranged across theend walls of the space 12. A similar seriesofwater tubes5l is' shown eX- tending across the rear wall of the spacerThe heat received in the, tubes 50 and 51' causes substantial anduseful'eyaporationwhich, as the tubes are in clrculationvwith theboiler, greatly increases the effective direct heating surface andevaporative power ofthe boiler.

. The end wall tubes 50; are shown as connected by lower andlupperheaders and 53, incommunication with the boiler'in a usual manner. Therear wall tubes 5l are as serving the function of a water screen or slagscreen between the combustionchamber 3 5 and the boiler. The. tubes 51thus deliver ascendingly into the tubes and these in turn into. one ofthe drums of the boiler: As; the

I slagscreen tubes 25- should be spaced relayt i l widely apart, aheader 55. isQshown be-- tweenythen and the rear wall tubes 51.

Ere-ferablythe water tubes and '5l'sur rounding the upper .zone or space.12 are arranged in front :of" refractory walls or back-- ings. Thusbehind each series of tubesuis shown a brick'wall 5.6. 7 While thismight be slightly spaced outwardly from the tubes it; is -preferabl-yclosely adjacent to. the tubes," p

amount of water, but the very hot water offers low resistance to flow,and this'increases and a construction is preferred, as shown, whereinportions 57 of the refractory mate rial project forwardly into the.spaces between the tubes, substantially in 11161113111163 showninthesectional: View Fig. 2. These portions or lugs 57 may be producedby using refractory bricks of ,T-shape... Prefer- I ably plastic orother blocksor bricks of high refractory and heat conductivepropertiesare employed. A closed watencooled wall; comprising the tubestheclosing means; or refractory is thus afforded, with the, tubes)preferably exposed to the combustion. ,Due to. the cooling of gasesafforded by the ,water tubes 50and '51. the-refractory material is. notexposed to the deposit of liquid ash, and,

,a refractory may be selected to. which such ash will notadhere. In caseaccess may be, desired to the water tubes 50 and 51 a series of openingsor doors 58 may be provided in tially reduced by the presentimprovement,

s nce 30% or more of the'total; ash produc 'lllOIl' may be collected anddisposed of through the hopper 40, bounded at the rear by the wall 39and at the front by the rear wall 66 of the combustion space 12, whichWall 56 is seen to be extended upwardly at a slant, with an extensionthereabove forming a continuation of thefirst boiler baffle wall 23.Other ashes will of course be collected on the floor and disposed of"throug l'1' they Attention is directed to the feature ofthe over-hangingor inwardly inclined rear wall of the upper part of the combustionspace, consisting of the water tubes 51 and the refractory backing 56.,constituting a continuation of the first baffle f This structure givesan advantageous course to the flames andpen mits the ashspace or pocket40, to be maintained exterior to the inclined wall, whereby ashes can becollected in'the pocket and suit ably delivered therefrom, as by thechute {l1 as already explained. v v I r The water tubes 51 which"facethe rear wall 56 are in direct connection by the head er 55 with thetubes 25 of the slag screen, these combined sets of tubes formingjaseparate circulating system from the boiler proper, being fed byindependent connections .51 from themain boiler drum 21 and deliveringsteam independently by connection 25?.to a secondary drum 21 of theboiler.

This improves the circulation and gives a more eflective operation ofthe rear wall and slag screen. The end wall tubes 50. also are shownconnected to. the'boiler drum independently o f' the main boiler tubes.These separate. circulating systems carry water at Very temperatures;They carry a small the'rateand effectiveness of the circulation inthesetubes, thus affording a high rate of heat,

absorption, per unit of tube area.

bridge 56 are preferably exposed to'the fire,

their upper header 515 is preflerably shielded, as shown, by beinglocated behind the wall, the tubes51 and 2,5 passing through th'ewall.

For the; purpose of the gel-aims the illustrated.disclosure may bedescribed as follows; Considering the boi'ler'tubes 22 and thejslags'creeni tubes 25 as cooperating parts of the boiler system, theyconstitute a plurality of lVhile theitubes 51. of'the rear walliora theremaining'rows 22' of boiler: tubes}? The disclosure embodiesmeansiiconnecting: the? lower rear end'sofi'said lowermost row of tubesto the watercirculating system, namely 1 rows; or banks of water tubesabove th'econ bustion chamber and "connected; 1 for' circula tion ofwater therethroughg- The lowermostw row-of allof said tubes, namelytherow 25 hasitsrear end portions,namely, thetubes51, bent,inclined orturned obliquely downwardly and rearwardly, at a greater'angle than thetubes 22and 25, to' a'position at or adjacent v totherear wallof the:combustion chamber and so as to be I clear jof jor separated: from 1oy-the 'downc'omer 5l andlthe headera 54,:the'1i upwardly into theboiler as baffle 23, thesaidlr- Wall 56 being adjacent to .or supportedupon Said tubes andlcoopemt-inzg-with? wan tdlthbi the said inclinedportionsblofisaid tubes,so

as to close the spaces-[between them. Said; inclined refractory wall 56cooperates :with i the wall i39 to the rear thereof'toaformthe pocketbelow the rear ends ofsaid remain-i ing tubes 22'ofthe 'boiler,z suchpocket con verging downwardly, for-collection ,of ashes er'atorlof watertube bgoiler and furnace embodying the principles and attaining theobjects of the present invention; but as many combinamatters ofoperation, construction, tion and detail may be variously modifiedwithout departing from the principles of the invention,'itis notintended to limit the invention to such matters except to the extent setforth in the appended claims;

lVhat is claimed is: r 1. In a water tube boiler, in combination with afurnace having a combustion chamber, a-plurality of rows of water tubesabove said combustion chamber and connected for circulation of watertherethrough, the lowermost row of said tubes having their rear endportions inclineddownwardly and rearwardv 1y to a position adjacent therear wall of the 60 combustion chamber and in such position as to beclear of the remaining rows of tubes,

means connecting the rear ends of said lowermost row of tubes to the'water circulating system, inclined refractory bafiie means supportedupon saidv inclined portions of said teria'l, and a opening at:permitting dis charge of ashfrom said pocket.

'totlie' rearf wall of thefchalmber', a b afile'of :r

. rear itlie reofto provide av downwardlyrlcon-i vergmg "pocket forcollection of ashes for from said pocket.

1 ing from a position intermediate the ends of the remaining rows oftubes to a position immediately ad acent to the rear wall of the 1 saidbent portions and extending upwardly also cooperate-with a wall to therear of the tubes fandicooperating with a wallftoi th'e rearingtubes''for l collection of ashes or. solid mae i 2. In a "watertubei b'oiler,in-'- combination witha furnace having acombustion chamber," 'aplurality OflfOWS' of inclined water-tubes above said combustion chamberand connect?- 1? reariend portions bent so as towb'e inclined downwardlyat a greater angle to 1 the hori zontal than the 'remainingt'ubes andsaid in- 1 1 termediatetheends of the remaining :rows of tubes to a"position immediately adjacent the rear wallofthe combustion chamber,tame and supported upon said inclined portionsfof wall, af substantiallyunobstructed 'comb'use' ati'on chamber jejXtendingi 'between said front1 and rear walls, a plurality of rows of water Q9593 tii bes'extendingabovesaidfcombustioncham ather arsp rt n f th w o tr w o saidtubes-extending obliquely downwardly;

fractory material'su'pported'onsaidirear po tions ofsa d-lowermos't rowoftube's anden tend ng upwardly and ,forware1y n0nsaid] rear wall to apositio'nlabove the'c'ombustion 1 chamber andicooperating with aQWalltothe f ee T i r e'il an me nv j i w -11 brine: pocket for permittingdischarge of material i L'Ina boiler furnace, front wall anda re ar wallto the combustion chamber, a substantially unobstructed combustionchamber extending between said front and rear wa1ls, 7' I a plurality ofrows of inclined water tubes extending above said chamber, the tubes inthe lowermost row of said tubes having their rear portions bent so as tobe inclined downward to the rear at a greater angle than the remalnlngtubes, said'bent portions extendchamber, a refractory bafiie supportedon and forwardly fromsaid rear wall sofas to; form a part of the wall'of the combustion i chamber and to direct the combustion prod uctstherefrom into contact with the forward portions of said rows of watertubes and to {ed for circulation of water therethrouglf; the V I vlowermost" row of said tubes"having their? a clined ortionsextend'nmf 0i "thins-1 header-being outwards of andprotected by p 1 m PO81 n l Vtherlower rear'iwalll portion '16. i z'lhe dis-Y,

closure 1 also: embodies inclined refractory 1,

.. baffle I1S, namely the rear wall 56 eXtendefl means30f refractorymaterial located abov ating therewith to form a pocket below the 5;;'I:n"a water tube boiler, ,incombination w th a furnace having wallsencloslng a combustlonchamber, and nieansifor burning I injected orfluent fuel therein, a series of rows of water tubes abovesaid'combustion cham-; ber and connected for circulation of watertherethrough, the lowermost row 7 of said tubes having their rear endportions; inclined downwardly and rearwardly to aposition adj acent therear wallof the combustion cham-- herand removed from the remainingtubesv of the boiler, means connecting the rear ends of said lowermostrow of tubes to the boiler 7 2d circulating system to. bring waterthereto,in-

clined bailie means substantially in exterior contact with said inclinedportions of said tubes, a wall to the rear of said baffle cooperrearportion of said remaining tubes for the collection of ashes or solidmaterial, and

a conve in i chute arran ed foridownward delivery of material'froin saidpocket. 6." furnace'for burning fluent fuel in suspension in air forheating a'boiler, compris-J ing wallsenclosing a'combusti'on space,means for injecting the fuel and airinto the lower portion of thecombustion space'for. coinbus-l 'tion therein, one of thewallssurrounding the upperpart of the combustion space being inclinedinwardly to overhang thefspace, a

series of water tubes at the inner face of said inclined-wall exposed todire'ctradiation and connected in circulation with the'boiler whereby"the evaporation therein s'up'plle ments that of the boiler,-

battle "extending into the boiler as. a continuation'o-fsaid-in'clinedfwall, a Wallbehindsaid inclined wall forming, therewith an ashpocket,- and-' said" pocketyhaving' meanslior discharging.

collectedashrtherefroms1 7. In a water tube boiler f binationwith Wallsenclosing a combustion rnace, in com chamber and means for burninginjected or tubes above saidzcombustion chamber and:

through, the tubes of the lowermostrow'havportions substantiallyinclined" downwardly and" rearwardly' to; a position adjacent the,

- fluent fuel-1 therein, a; serieso-f-Zrowsof w'ater- I connected forcirculation oflwater there ing theirfront portions substantiallyparallel withlthe: remaining tubes and their rear ing header shielded by'said 'wall, means co'n- I necting: such header to the' boiler circulattherewith to fornia pocket-below therear portion of saidremainingtubesfor the col lectionof ashes-orisolid material, and means inear the lower end of said pocket for removal ofmateriajl from-I-thepocket v I i 8'. A1 steam generator comprising a water .tubeboiler'above "a furnace, thei'furnace hav-" s ringan inclined refractorywall below the,-

boiler and overhanging'one' side ofthe com-' bustlon' space, a row ofwater'tubesem bodiedin an'dfacing-the inner side of said having a balileextension into the boiler, and' the water tubes facing 'the innerside'iofthe overhangingwall having their upper ends" carriedthro ughsaid wall and connected to a common header outside of and sh'i'el'ded'bysaid wall.-

ing system to-bringrwater to such .header-,'.-

d as inclined baflie supported adjacently behind said inclined portionsof said tubes, a s,

wall to the rear of the baffle-and. cooperating inclined wall,andarranged in circulation with the ,boiler, said inclined wall and rowof tubes exposed to the fire," said inclined Wall- 1 my e'ounncournnr. sd

